Características do apetite e sua relação com hábitos alimentares e IMC em adolescentes
Resumo
Introdução: A obesidade é uma doença epidêmica com impacto na morbimortalidade, qualidade de vida e custos gerados ao sistema de saúde. No México, 24,7% dos adolescentes apresentavam sobrepeso e 18,2% obesidade. O objetivo foi estimar a relação das características do apetite com os hábitos alimentares e o IMC em adolescentes com peso normal e com sobrepeso.
Metodologia: Projeto correlacional. Participaram 518 adolescentes entre 15 e 19 anos selecionados por conveniência. Foi utilizado um cartão de dados, Questionário de Comportamento Alimentar para Adultos e Comportamento de Saúde em Crianças em Idade Escolar em espanhol. O SPSS v.25 foi utilizado para estatística descritiva e inferencial com coeficiente Rho de Spearman.
Resultados: Idade média de 16,83 anos, 24,1% com sobrepeso, 55,8% eram mulheres, 45,2% pertenciam ao nível socioeconômico médio. Uma relação negativa foi encontrada entre os traços emocionais de apetite excessivo (rs = -.13, p <.01), resposta à saciedade (rs = -.16, p < .01) e atitude exigente (rs = - 0,16, p < .01) com hábitos alimentares de adolescentes. A resposta à alimentação apresentou relação negativa com o IMC dos participantes com rs = -.09, p < .05.
Conclusões: Os traços de apetite de excessos emocionais, resposta à saciedade e atitude exigente foram negativamente relacionados aos hábitos alimentares. Da mesma forma, a resposta à alimentação apresentou relação negativa com o IMC dos adolescentes. Sugere-se fortalecer o estudo dos traços de apetite na população adolescente e no contexto mexicano.
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