El ocaso de los antibióticos
Una revisión bibliográfica contemporánea de superbacterias
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32399/icuap.rdic.2448-5829.2021.20.597Palabras clave:
superbacterias, origen, resistencia, antibióticos, tratamientosResumen
Los antibióticos han sido unas herramientas sumamente útiles a lo largo de décadas para combatir enfermedades causadas por bacterias, sin embargo, estas han logrado generar mecanismos de defensa bastante efectivos contra los antibióticos, volviéndolos cada vez más ineficaces medicamente, por lo cual en los últimos años se ha vuelto cada vez más común el termino informal superbacterias para definir a todas las bacterias que se engloban dentro de las características mencionadas, ya sea en mayor o menor medida. La CDC cuenta con una lista de los microorganismos que son de mayor preocupación mundial dividida en 4 partes dependiendo de cuan grave es la situación con cada bacteria basándose en los niveles de urgencia que cada uno de ellos representa a nivel salud, así como la potencial amenaza que estos pudieran representar. La generación de la resistencia a los antibióticos es uno de los mayores retos a los cuales se enfrentará la humanidad durante los próximos años. Se hará una revisión de lo que son las Superbacterias, como surgieron, mecanismos de defensa, donde se encuentran y algunos métodos para combatirlas, ya sea por medio de antibióticos comerciales recientes o por ciertos tratamientos que son innovadores al ser distintos a los antibióticos comunes.
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