Articles
Año 9 No.26 Mayo - Agosto 2023
MICROCELLULOSE A NATURAL POLYMER AVAILABLE TO EVERYONE
Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Ciudad Universitaria BUAP
Bio
Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Ciudad Universitaria. BUAP
Bio
Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Ciudad Universitaria.BUAP
Bio
Facultad de Ingeniería, Ciudad Universitaria. BUAP
Bio
Abstract
One of the natural polymers that have revolutionized history is cellulose, which is obtained from lignocellulosic
materials available in unlimited quantities in biomasses such as plants. Physically, cellulose has the form of long and
inelastic fibers superimposed in layers that provide the resistance to support the weight of the plant and chemically
cellulose is a linear homopolymer of D-glucopyranose units, joined by b(1-4) glycosidic bonds, its parallel chains are
aligned on their longitudinal axis and establish a large number of intermolecular hydrogen bridges, which gives rise
to highly structured microcellulose fibers. Therefore, the objective is the extraction of these micrometer-sized cellulosic
fibers due to their physicochemical characteristics. The most accessible method is by mechanical treatments
such as grinding, high pressures, defibrillations that break the cell walls into small fragments reducing the degree
of polymerization to access the fibers, followed by chemical methods that hydrolyze, saponify, dissolve or oxidize
the structure of the lignocellulosic components surrounding the cellulose. The results are the manufacture of paper,
from the biomass of trees or wood, in construction using insulators formed with microcellulose fibers. Other results
are the generation of thermoplastic materials, biopolymeric films and molded parts, seen in the food industry for
fresh food packaging and have been used to improve the mechanical properties of materials with polymeric matrix
to generate new materials in various areas.
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