LOS SISTEMAS DE DETECCIÓN DE QUORUM (QUORUM SENSING) O CÓMO “SOCIALIZAN” LAS BACTERIAS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32399/icuap.rdic.2448-5829.2022.23.817Resumen
Aunque por muchos años se pensó que era poco probable que las bacterias se comunicaran entre sí estableciendo un comportamiento “social”, numerosos estudios realizados en las tres últimas décadas revelaron que las bacterias si se comunican entre sí, y no solo eso, se pueden censar o contar. Los sistemas de comunicación que usan las bacterias para tal fin son llamados sistemas de Detección de Quorum (Quorum Sensing). En estos sistemas regularmente se usa una molécula señuelo conocida como autoinductor, la cual es producida individualmente por cada una de las células de la colonia. Después, el autoinductor es transportado al exterior de la célula donde se acumula progresivamente al aumentar el número de bacterias de la colonia. Cuando se alcanza una concentración alta del autoinductor, es detectado por unas moléculas receptoras especiales, que a su vez activan la expresión de genes que responden a la densidad celular de la colonia.
Citas
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