GENES Y AMBIENTE: EL DÚO INVISIBLE DETRÁS DE MUCHAS ENFERMEDADES

Brenda  Gamboa Loira

doi:10.32399/icuap.rdic.2448-5829.2026.34.1697

Autores/as

Brenda Gamboa Loira Secretaría de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnología e Innovación. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3693-0616

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32399/icuap.rdic.2448-5829.2026.34.1697

Palabras clave:

Enfermedades crónicas, Genética, Ambiente, Interacción gen-ambiente, Epigénetica

Resumen

¿Por qué enfermamos? La respuesta no se encuentra solo en los genes ni únicamente en el ambiente, sino en la interacción entre ambos. Las enfermedades crónicas, hoy responsables de más del 70% de las muertes en el mundo, surgen de un diálogo constante entre lo que heredamos y lo que vivimos. Nuestros genes definen posibilidades, pero el ambiente (la alimentación, la contaminación, el estrés o las relaciones sociales) decide cuáles se activan. La epigenética ha revelado que estas influencias pueden incluso transmitirse a las siguientes generaciones. Las investigaciones realizadas en México muestran que la exposición a metales o plaguicidas puede afectar más a quienes poseen ciertas variantes genéticas, y que una buena nutrición puede atenuar esos efectos. Así, la salud no es un destino fijo, sino una construcción cotidiana y colectiva. Entender esta relación es clave para prevenir enfermedades y promover entornos más justos y saludables.

Citas

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GENES Y AMBIENTE: EL DÚO INVISIBLE DETRÁS DE MUCHAS ENFERMEDADES

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