Cannabinoid biosynthesis has become an important process in recent years, since these compounds have relevant pharmacological characteristics. The expression of compounds in heterologous systems usually has many advantages, such as more efficient performance, improved purification and enhanced speed to obtain the compounds. Therefore, this review discusses the mechanism of cannabinoid expression in the yeast Pichia pastoris, which is a model highly studied for its ability to work as a useful heterologous system to synthesize cannabinoids from the expression of genes obtained from Cannabis spp.