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Articles

Año 8 No. 22 Enero - Abril 2022

Resistencia a antibióticos betalactámicos: situación actual y nuevas estrategias.

DOI
https://doi.org/10.32399/icuap.rdic.2448-5829.2022.22.682
Submitted
December 14, 2021
Published
January 31, 2022

Abstract

Bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics represents nowadays and for our near future a worldwide problem, due to the appearance of an increasing number of mechanisms involved in such resistance in microorganisms of clinical interest such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and many others. Some of these mechanisms are widely understood; however, others still require the study of their functions and, above all, the development of methods to evade them. This article aims to review the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and the existing record of their implications around the world, as well as the prospects for the future. In addition to the problem of resistance, recent years have seen new challenges such as the transmission of Enterobacteria between owners and pets or the increasing in-hospital infections of bacteria resistant to beta-lactams, which are the first-line antibiotics to be prescribed in intensive care. Key strategies are currently being pursued to counteract the situation, such as better management of antimicrobial therapy, the development of new treatments from different approaches such as combinations of beta-lactams with beta-lactamase inhibitors or innovative uses of synthetic biology, accompanied by improved genetic profiling for proper detection of the resistance genes involved.

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