IMPACT OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF CHAGAS DISEASE VECTORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32399/icuap.rdic.2448-5829.2023.25.1049Keywords:
Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, Vector borne diseases, Mobility, Climate changeAbstract
Chagas disease (CD) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), by 2022, there are 6 to 7 million people worldwide who are carriers of this pathology. Most CD carriers are located in Latin America, the endemic area of this disease. However, this statistic may be underestimated given that many people are asymptomatic throughout their lives. Currently, this pathology could spread outside its habitats or natural areas, as described above, due to climate change and globalization experienced in the modern world. In this diffusion article, environmental factors that promote climate change, as well as land use, are discussed, in addition to social factors such as the socioeconomic level and the migration of the endemic populations of CD, which could favor the mobility of the main vector of CHD. The foregoing results in an increase in cases and the massive spread of this disease. Likewise, examples of other vector-borne diseases such as Lyme disease, Dengue, or bubonic plague have been discussed that resulted in predictive models or forecast systems comparable to CD because they have experienced dissemination phenomena as a product of environmental and social changes.
References
Aguilar V, H. M., Abad-Franch, F., Racines V, J., & Paucar C, A. (1999). Epidemiology of Chagas disease in Ecuador. A brief review. Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 94 Suppl 1, 387–393. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761999000700076
Ayala, J. (2017). The triatomines of Costa Rica (Heteroptera: Reduviidae, Triatominae). Arquivos Entomolóxicos, 18, 189–215. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=6486937
Barnabé, C., Brenière, S. F., Guégan, J. F., Blanchet, D., & Aznar, C. (2018). Molecular characterization of Rhodnius robustus specimens, potential vectors for Chagas disease in French Guiana, South America. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 59, 28–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MEEGID.2018.01.019
Bedin, C., Wilhelms, T., Villela, M. M., Silva, G. C. C. da, Riffel, A. P. K., Sackis, P., & Mello, F. de. (2021). Residual foci of Triatoma infestans infestation: Surveillance and control in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2001-2018. Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 54. https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0530-2020
Benedict, M. Q., Levine, R. S., Hawley, W. A., & Lounibos, L. P. (2007). Spread of the tiger: global risk of invasion by the mosquito Aedes albopictus. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 7(1), 76–85. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2006.0562
Bern, C., Kjos, S., Yabsley, M. J., & Montgomery, S. P. (2011). Trypanosoma cruzi and Chagas’ Disease in the United States. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 24(4), 655–681. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00005-11
Campos, A. A., Rubio Ortiz, M., Itandehui, T., Cuevas, M., Alberto, L., Osorio, H., Calvillo, S. M., & Cela, Manning, R. G. (2017). Enfermedad de Chagas: Vectores. Ciencia, 68(1), 30–33. https://biblat.unam.mx/es/revista/ciencia-academia-mexicana-de-ciencias/articulo/enfermedad-de-chagas-vectores
Casaccia, P. S., González-Britez, N., Acosta, N., & López, E. (2019). Vectores de Trypanosoma cruzi en ambientes domésticos y silvestres de las comunidades Ayoreo Totobiegosode del Alto Paraguay. Revista de La Sociedad Científica Del Paraguay, 24(1), 218–229. https://doi.org/10.32480/RSCP.2019-24-1.218-229
CDC. (2022, January 6). Enfermedad de Chagas: Hoja informativa detallada. https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/chagas/es/informativa/detallada.html
Colón-González, F. J., Fezzi, C., Lake, I. R., & Hunter, P. R. (2013). The effects of weather and climate change on dengue. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 7(11), e2503–e2503. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002503
Cuba, C. A. C., Abad-Franch, F., Roldan Rodriguez, J., Vargas Vasquez, F., Pollack Velasquez, L., & Miles, M. A. (2002). The triatomines of northern Peru, with emphasis on the ecology and infection by trypanosomes of Rhodnius ecuadoriensis (Triatominae). Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 97(2), 175–183. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02762002000200005
de Oliveira, J., Ayala, J. M., Justi, S. A., da Rosa, J. A., & Galvão, C. (2018). Description of a new species of Nesotriatoma Usinger, 1944 from Cuba and revalidation of synonymy between Nesotriatoma bruneri (Usinger, 1944) and N. flavida (Neiva, 1911) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Journal of Vector Ecology : Journal of the Society for Vector Ecology, 43(1), 148–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvec.12294
Depickère, S., Martinez, E., López, R., Durán, P., Lardeux, F., & Chavez, T. (2007). Rhodnius stali: a new vector of Chagas disease in Bolivia. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.24459.11046
Dorn, P. L., Perniciaro, L., Yabsley, M. J., Roellig, D. M., Balsamo, G., Diaz, J., & Wesson, D. (2007). Autochthonous transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, Louisiana. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 13(4), 605–607. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1304.061002
Dujardin, J.-P., Lam, T. X., Khoa, P. T., & Schofield, C. J. (2015). The rising importance of Triatoma rubrofasciata. Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 110(3), 319–323. https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760140446
Dujardin, J. P., Muñoz, M., Chavez, T., Ponce, C., Moreno, J., & Schofield, C. J. (1998). The origin of Rhodnius prolixus in Central America. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12(1), 113–115. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2915.1998.00092.x
Ebi, K. L., & Nealon, J. (2016). Dengue in a changing climate. Environmental Research, 151, 115–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVRES.2016.07.026
Enríquez, S. (2018). Actualización de la distribución geográfica de Triatoma dispar (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) en Ecuador. Revista Colombiana de Entomología, 43.
Estrada-Peña, A., Ortega, C., Sánchez, N., Desimone, L., Sudre, B., Suk, J. E., & Semenza, J. C. (2011). Correlation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato prevalence in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks with specific abiotic traits in the western palearctic. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 77(11), 3838–3845. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00067-11
Faúndez, E. (2016). Sobre los registros aislados de Triatoma infestans(Klug, 1834) (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) en el sur de Chile. Arquivos Entomolóxicos, 15, 121–124.
Fidalgo, A. S. O. de B. V., Costa, A. C. da, Silva Filho, J. D. da, Cândido, D. da S., Freitas, E. C., Pereira, L. D. S., Andrade, M. C. de, Gomes, K. C. M. S., Bezerra, C. M., & Oliveira, M. de F. (2018). Insect vectors of Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi) in Northeastern Brazil. Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 51(2), 174–182. https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0408-2017
Fuentes-Vicente, J. A. De, Vidal-López, D. G., Gutiérrez-Jiménez, J., Schlie-Guzmán, M. A., Fuentes-Vicente, J. A. De, Vidal-López, D. G., Gutiérrez-Jiménez, J., & Schlie-Guzmán, M. A. (2016). Tasa de infección y tiempo de defecación de los estadios ninfales de Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) después de la infección experimental con Trypanosoma cruzi. Revista Biomédica, 27(3), 111–117. https://doi.org/10.32776/REVBIOMED.V27I3.539
Galvão, C., Carrcavallo, R., Rocha, D. D. S., & Jurberg, J. (2003). A checklist of the current valid species of the subfamily Triatominae Jeannel, 1919 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) and their geographical distribution, with nomenclatural and taxonomic notes. Zootaxa, 202(1), 1–36–1–36. https://doi.org/10.11646/ZOOTAXA.202.1.1
García-Jordán, N., Berrizbeitia, M., Concepción, J. L., Aldana, E., Cáceres, A., & Quiñones, W. (2015). Entomological study of Trypanosoma cruzi vectors in the rural communities of Sucre state, Venezuela. Biomédica, 35(2), 247–257. https://doi.org/10.7705/BIOMEDICA.V35I2.2390
Gonzalez-Britez, N. E., Alevi, K. C. C., Caris Garcia, A. C., Martínez Purroy, C. E., Galvão, C., & Carrasco, H. J. (2021). Chagas Disease Vectors of Paraguay: Entomoepidemiological Aspects of Triatoma sordida (Stål, 1859) and Development of an Identification Key for Paraguayan Triatomines Based on Cytogenetics Data. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 105(1), 130–133. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-1454
Hashimoto, K., & Schofield, C. J. (2012). Elimination of Rhodnius prolixus in Central America. Parasites & Vectors, 5, 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-5-45
Hubálek, Z. (2003). Emerging human infectious diseases: anthroponoses, zoonoses, and sapronoses. In Emerging infectious diseases (Vol. 9, Issue 3, pp. 403–404). https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0903.020208
Hylton, A., Fitzpatrick, D. M., Suepaul, R., Dobson, A. P., Charles, R. A., & Peterson, J. K. (2020). Preliminary Characterization of Triatomine Bug Blood Meals on the Island of Trinidad Reveals Opportunistic Feeding Behavior on Both Human and Animal Hosts. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5040166
Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia. (2018). Informe Técnico Entomológico Enfermedad de Chagas, Colombia 2018. https://www.ins.gov.co/buscador-eventos/Informacin de laboratorio/Informe-tecnico-entomologico-Chagas-2018.pdf
Jansen, A. M., Xavier, S. C. das C., & Roque, A. L. R. (2018). Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in the wild and its most important reservoir hosts in Brazil. Parasites & Vectors, 11(1), 502. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3067-2
Kirchhoff, L. V. (2011). Epidemiology of American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease). Advances in Parasitology, 75, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385863-4.00001-0
Kjos, S. A., Snowden, K. F., & Olson, J. K. (2009). Biogeography and Trypanosoma cruzi infection prevalence of Chagas disease vectors in Texas, USA. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 9(1), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2008.0026
Lent, H., & Wygodzinsky, P. (1979). Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), and their significance as vectors of Chagas’ disease. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 163(3), 123–520.
Medone, P., Ceccarelli, S., Parham, P. E., Figuera, A., & Rabinovich, J. E. (2015). The impact of climate change on the geographical distribution of two vectors of Chagas disease: implications for the force of infection. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 370(1665). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0560
Ministerio de Salud Argentina. (2021). PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE CHAGAS GUÍA PARA EL CONTROL VECTORIAL DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE CHAGAS.
Nascimento, E., Souza, É. Dos, Paiva, V., Chagas, E., & Galvão, C. (2020). Cavernicola pilosa Barber, 1937 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): first record in Amazonas state, Brazil. Check List, 16, 387–390. https://doi.org/10.15560/16.2.387
Omah-Maharaj, I. (1992). Studies on vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi in Trinidad, West Indies. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 6(2), 115–120. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.1992.tb00586.x
OMS/OPS. (2022). Día Mundial de la Enfermedad de Chagas 2022. https://www.who.int/es/campaigns/world-chagas-disease-day/world-chagas-disease-day-2022
Padilla, C. P., Alvarado, U., Ventura, G., Luna-Caipo, D., Suárez, M., Tuñoque, J. R., Ruelas-Llerena, N., Fachín, L. A., Huiza, A., Gonzáles, L., Carranza, J. C., Vallejo, G. A., Vallejo, G. A., Cáceres, A. G., & Cáceres, A. G. (2017). Identifying Trypanosoma cruzi discreet typing units in triatomines collected in different natural regions of Perú. Biomedica : Revista Del Instituto Nacional de Salud, 37(0), 167–179. https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v37i0.3559
Padilla, N. A., Moncayo, A. L., Keil, C. B., Grijalva, M. J., & Villacís, A. G. (2019). Life Cycle, Feeding, and Defecation Patterns of Triatoma carrioni (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), under Laboratory Conditions. Journal of Medical Entomology, 56(3), 617–624. https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz004
Patterson, J. S., Schofield, C. J., Dujardin, J. P., & Miles, M. A. (2001). Population morphometric analysis of the tropicopolitan bug Triatoma rubrofasciata and relationships with old world species of Triatoma: evidence of New World ancestry. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 15(4), 443–451. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0269-283x.2001.00333.x
Rodriguez, I. G., & Loaiza, J. R. (2017). American trypanosomiasis, or Chagas disease, in Panama: a chronological synopsis of ecological and epidemiological research. Parasites & Vectors, 10(1), 459. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2380-5
Rodríguez Martínez, L. M., Izquierdo Aquino, F., González Fernández, M. I., Correa Morales, F., González Acosta, C., Rodríguez Martínez, L. M., Izquierdo Aquino, F., González Fernández, M. I., Correa Morales, F., & González Acosta, C. (2019). Distribución de Aedes albopictus (Skuse 1895) en Tabasco, México durante 2015-2018. Horizonte Sanitario, 18(2), 159–165. https://doi.org/10.19136/HS.A18N2.2689
Salazar Schettino, P. M., Bucio Torres, M. I., Rojo Medina, J., Manuel Valencia, Y. V., Revuelta Herrera, M. A., Chávez Mendoza, A., Ramos García, C., Becker Fauser, I. D., Cabrera Bravo, M., & López Cancino, S. A. (2019). MANUAL DE PROCEDIMIENTOS PARA LA ENFERMEDAD DE CHAGAS EN MÉXICO DE LA SECRETARÍA DE SALUD. https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/447946/Manual_de_Procedimientos_para_la_Enfermedad_de_Chagas_en_Mexico.pdf
Salvatella, R. (1986). Triatomíneos del Uruguay. Revista Médica Del Uruguay, 2, 106–113. http://www.rmu.org.uy/revista/1986v2/art3.pdf
Salvatella, R. (1993). Los ciclos de trasmisión de Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909) (Protozoa, Mastigophora) en Uruguay. Revista Medica Uruguay, 9(1), 55–64. https://www.rmu.org.uy/revista/1993v1/art7.pdf
Salvatella Roberto. (2016). Chagas en Uruguay, 1937-2016: Información básica para su prevención, control y atención. SciELO Analytics.
Schmid, B. V, Büntgen, U., Easterday, W. R., Ginzler, C., Walløe, L., Bramanti, B., & Stenseth, N. C. (2015). Climate-driven introduction of the Black Death and successive plague reintroductions into Europe. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(10), 3020–3025. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1412887112
Schofield, C. J., Grijalva, M., & Diotaiuti, L. (2009). Distribución de los vectores de la Enfermedad de Chagas en países “no endémicos”: la posibilidad de transmisión vectorial fuera de América Latina. Enfermedades Emergentes, 11, 20–27.
Semenza, J. C., & Suk, J. E. (2018). Vector-borne diseases and climate change: a European perspective. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 365(2). https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnx244
Starr, M. D., Rojas, J. C., Zeledón, R., Hird, D. W., & Carpenter, T. E. (1991). Chagas’ disease: risk factors for house infestation by Triatoma dimidiata, the major vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in Costa Rica. American Journal of Epidemiology, 133(7), 740–747. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115949
Stenseth, N. C., Samia, N. I., Viljugrein, H., Kausrud, K. L., Begon, M., Davis, S., Leirs, H., Dubyanskiy, V. M., Esper, J., Ageyev, V. S., Klassovskiy, N. L., Pole, S. B., & Chan, K.-S. (2006). Plague dynamics are driven by climate variation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103(35), 13110–13115. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0602447103
Trouiller, P., Olliaro, P., Torreele, E., Orbinski, J., Laing, R., & Ford, N. (2002). Drug development for neglected diseases: a deficient market and a public-health policy failure. Lancet (London, England), 359(9324), 2188–2194. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09096-7
Velasco, O., & Rivas, B. (2008). Apuntes para la historia de la enfermedad de Chagas en México. Boletín Médico Del Hospital Infantil de México, 65, 57–79.
Ayala, J. (2017). The triatomines of Costa Rica (Heteroptera: Reduviidae, Triatominae). Arquivos Entomolóxicos, 18, 189–215. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=6486937
Barnabé, C., Brenière, S. F., Guégan, J. F., Blanchet, D., & Aznar, C. (2018). Molecular characterization of Rhodnius robustus specimens, potential vectors for Chagas disease in French Guiana, South America. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 59, 28–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MEEGID.2018.01.019
Bedin, C., Wilhelms, T., Villela, M. M., Silva, G. C. C. da, Riffel, A. P. K., Sackis, P., & Mello, F. de. (2021). Residual foci of Triatoma infestans infestation: Surveillance and control in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2001-2018. Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 54. https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0530-2020
Benedict, M. Q., Levine, R. S., Hawley, W. A., & Lounibos, L. P. (2007). Spread of the tiger: global risk of invasion by the mosquito Aedes albopictus. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 7(1), 76–85. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2006.0562
Bern, C., Kjos, S., Yabsley, M. J., & Montgomery, S. P. (2011). Trypanosoma cruzi and Chagas’ Disease in the United States. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 24(4), 655–681. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00005-11
Campos, A. A., Rubio Ortiz, M., Itandehui, T., Cuevas, M., Alberto, L., Osorio, H., Calvillo, S. M., & Cela, Manning, R. G. (2017). Enfermedad de Chagas: Vectores. Ciencia, 68(1), 30–33. https://biblat.unam.mx/es/revista/ciencia-academia-mexicana-de-ciencias/articulo/enfermedad-de-chagas-vectores
Casaccia, P. S., González-Britez, N., Acosta, N., & López, E. (2019). Vectores de Trypanosoma cruzi en ambientes domésticos y silvestres de las comunidades Ayoreo Totobiegosode del Alto Paraguay. Revista de La Sociedad Científica Del Paraguay, 24(1), 218–229. https://doi.org/10.32480/RSCP.2019-24-1.218-229
CDC. (2022, January 6). Enfermedad de Chagas: Hoja informativa detallada. https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/chagas/es/informativa/detallada.html
Colón-González, F. J., Fezzi, C., Lake, I. R., & Hunter, P. R. (2013). The effects of weather and climate change on dengue. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 7(11), e2503–e2503. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002503
Cuba, C. A. C., Abad-Franch, F., Roldan Rodriguez, J., Vargas Vasquez, F., Pollack Velasquez, L., & Miles, M. A. (2002). The triatomines of northern Peru, with emphasis on the ecology and infection by trypanosomes of Rhodnius ecuadoriensis (Triatominae). Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 97(2), 175–183. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02762002000200005
de Oliveira, J., Ayala, J. M., Justi, S. A., da Rosa, J. A., & Galvão, C. (2018). Description of a new species of Nesotriatoma Usinger, 1944 from Cuba and revalidation of synonymy between Nesotriatoma bruneri (Usinger, 1944) and N. flavida (Neiva, 1911) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Journal of Vector Ecology : Journal of the Society for Vector Ecology, 43(1), 148–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvec.12294
Depickère, S., Martinez, E., López, R., Durán, P., Lardeux, F., & Chavez, T. (2007). Rhodnius stali: a new vector of Chagas disease in Bolivia. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.24459.11046
Dorn, P. L., Perniciaro, L., Yabsley, M. J., Roellig, D. M., Balsamo, G., Diaz, J., & Wesson, D. (2007). Autochthonous transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, Louisiana. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 13(4), 605–607. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1304.061002
Dujardin, J.-P., Lam, T. X., Khoa, P. T., & Schofield, C. J. (2015). The rising importance of Triatoma rubrofasciata. Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 110(3), 319–323. https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760140446
Dujardin, J. P., Muñoz, M., Chavez, T., Ponce, C., Moreno, J., & Schofield, C. J. (1998). The origin of Rhodnius prolixus in Central America. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12(1), 113–115. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2915.1998.00092.x
Ebi, K. L., & Nealon, J. (2016). Dengue in a changing climate. Environmental Research, 151, 115–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVRES.2016.07.026
Enríquez, S. (2018). Actualización de la distribución geográfica de Triatoma dispar (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) en Ecuador. Revista Colombiana de Entomología, 43.
Estrada-Peña, A., Ortega, C., Sánchez, N., Desimone, L., Sudre, B., Suk, J. E., & Semenza, J. C. (2011). Correlation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato prevalence in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks with specific abiotic traits in the western palearctic. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 77(11), 3838–3845. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00067-11
Faúndez, E. (2016). Sobre los registros aislados de Triatoma infestans(Klug, 1834) (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) en el sur de Chile. Arquivos Entomolóxicos, 15, 121–124.
Fidalgo, A. S. O. de B. V., Costa, A. C. da, Silva Filho, J. D. da, Cândido, D. da S., Freitas, E. C., Pereira, L. D. S., Andrade, M. C. de, Gomes, K. C. M. S., Bezerra, C. M., & Oliveira, M. de F. (2018). Insect vectors of Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi) in Northeastern Brazil. Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 51(2), 174–182. https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0408-2017
Fuentes-Vicente, J. A. De, Vidal-López, D. G., Gutiérrez-Jiménez, J., Schlie-Guzmán, M. A., Fuentes-Vicente, J. A. De, Vidal-López, D. G., Gutiérrez-Jiménez, J., & Schlie-Guzmán, M. A. (2016). Tasa de infección y tiempo de defecación de los estadios ninfales de Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) después de la infección experimental con Trypanosoma cruzi. Revista Biomédica, 27(3), 111–117. https://doi.org/10.32776/REVBIOMED.V27I3.539
Galvão, C., Carrcavallo, R., Rocha, D. D. S., & Jurberg, J. (2003). A checklist of the current valid species of the subfamily Triatominae Jeannel, 1919 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) and their geographical distribution, with nomenclatural and taxonomic notes. Zootaxa, 202(1), 1–36–1–36. https://doi.org/10.11646/ZOOTAXA.202.1.1
García-Jordán, N., Berrizbeitia, M., Concepción, J. L., Aldana, E., Cáceres, A., & Quiñones, W. (2015). Entomological study of Trypanosoma cruzi vectors in the rural communities of Sucre state, Venezuela. Biomédica, 35(2), 247–257. https://doi.org/10.7705/BIOMEDICA.V35I2.2390
Gonzalez-Britez, N. E., Alevi, K. C. C., Caris Garcia, A. C., Martínez Purroy, C. E., Galvão, C., & Carrasco, H. J. (2021). Chagas Disease Vectors of Paraguay: Entomoepidemiological Aspects of Triatoma sordida (Stål, 1859) and Development of an Identification Key for Paraguayan Triatomines Based on Cytogenetics Data. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 105(1), 130–133. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-1454
Hashimoto, K., & Schofield, C. J. (2012). Elimination of Rhodnius prolixus in Central America. Parasites & Vectors, 5, 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-5-45
Hubálek, Z. (2003). Emerging human infectious diseases: anthroponoses, zoonoses, and sapronoses. In Emerging infectious diseases (Vol. 9, Issue 3, pp. 403–404). https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0903.020208
Hylton, A., Fitzpatrick, D. M., Suepaul, R., Dobson, A. P., Charles, R. A., & Peterson, J. K. (2020). Preliminary Characterization of Triatomine Bug Blood Meals on the Island of Trinidad Reveals Opportunistic Feeding Behavior on Both Human and Animal Hosts. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5040166
Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia. (2018). Informe Técnico Entomológico Enfermedad de Chagas, Colombia 2018. https://www.ins.gov.co/buscador-eventos/Informacin de laboratorio/Informe-tecnico-entomologico-Chagas-2018.pdf
Jansen, A. M., Xavier, S. C. das C., & Roque, A. L. R. (2018). Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in the wild and its most important reservoir hosts in Brazil. Parasites & Vectors, 11(1), 502. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3067-2
Kirchhoff, L. V. (2011). Epidemiology of American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease). Advances in Parasitology, 75, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385863-4.00001-0
Kjos, S. A., Snowden, K. F., & Olson, J. K. (2009). Biogeography and Trypanosoma cruzi infection prevalence of Chagas disease vectors in Texas, USA. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 9(1), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2008.0026
Lent, H., & Wygodzinsky, P. (1979). Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), and their significance as vectors of Chagas’ disease. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 163(3), 123–520.
Medone, P., Ceccarelli, S., Parham, P. E., Figuera, A., & Rabinovich, J. E. (2015). The impact of climate change on the geographical distribution of two vectors of Chagas disease: implications for the force of infection. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 370(1665). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0560
Ministerio de Salud Argentina. (2021). PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE CHAGAS GUÍA PARA EL CONTROL VECTORIAL DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE CHAGAS.
Nascimento, E., Souza, É. Dos, Paiva, V., Chagas, E., & Galvão, C. (2020). Cavernicola pilosa Barber, 1937 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): first record in Amazonas state, Brazil. Check List, 16, 387–390. https://doi.org/10.15560/16.2.387
Omah-Maharaj, I. (1992). Studies on vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi in Trinidad, West Indies. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 6(2), 115–120. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.1992.tb00586.x
OMS/OPS. (2022). Día Mundial de la Enfermedad de Chagas 2022. https://www.who.int/es/campaigns/world-chagas-disease-day/world-chagas-disease-day-2022
Padilla, C. P., Alvarado, U., Ventura, G., Luna-Caipo, D., Suárez, M., Tuñoque, J. R., Ruelas-Llerena, N., Fachín, L. A., Huiza, A., Gonzáles, L., Carranza, J. C., Vallejo, G. A., Vallejo, G. A., Cáceres, A. G., & Cáceres, A. G. (2017). Identifying Trypanosoma cruzi discreet typing units in triatomines collected in different natural regions of Perú. Biomedica : Revista Del Instituto Nacional de Salud, 37(0), 167–179. https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v37i0.3559
Padilla, N. A., Moncayo, A. L., Keil, C. B., Grijalva, M. J., & Villacís, A. G. (2019). Life Cycle, Feeding, and Defecation Patterns of Triatoma carrioni (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), under Laboratory Conditions. Journal of Medical Entomology, 56(3), 617–624. https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz004
Patterson, J. S., Schofield, C. J., Dujardin, J. P., & Miles, M. A. (2001). Population morphometric analysis of the tropicopolitan bug Triatoma rubrofasciata and relationships with old world species of Triatoma: evidence of New World ancestry. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 15(4), 443–451. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0269-283x.2001.00333.x
Rodriguez, I. G., & Loaiza, J. R. (2017). American trypanosomiasis, or Chagas disease, in Panama: a chronological synopsis of ecological and epidemiological research. Parasites & Vectors, 10(1), 459. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2380-5
Rodríguez Martínez, L. M., Izquierdo Aquino, F., González Fernández, M. I., Correa Morales, F., González Acosta, C., Rodríguez Martínez, L. M., Izquierdo Aquino, F., González Fernández, M. I., Correa Morales, F., & González Acosta, C. (2019). Distribución de Aedes albopictus (Skuse 1895) en Tabasco, México durante 2015-2018. Horizonte Sanitario, 18(2), 159–165. https://doi.org/10.19136/HS.A18N2.2689
Salazar Schettino, P. M., Bucio Torres, M. I., Rojo Medina, J., Manuel Valencia, Y. V., Revuelta Herrera, M. A., Chávez Mendoza, A., Ramos García, C., Becker Fauser, I. D., Cabrera Bravo, M., & López Cancino, S. A. (2019). MANUAL DE PROCEDIMIENTOS PARA LA ENFERMEDAD DE CHAGAS EN MÉXICO DE LA SECRETARÍA DE SALUD. https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/447946/Manual_de_Procedimientos_para_la_Enfermedad_de_Chagas_en_Mexico.pdf
Salvatella, R. (1986). Triatomíneos del Uruguay. Revista Médica Del Uruguay, 2, 106–113. http://www.rmu.org.uy/revista/1986v2/art3.pdf
Salvatella, R. (1993). Los ciclos de trasmisión de Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909) (Protozoa, Mastigophora) en Uruguay. Revista Medica Uruguay, 9(1), 55–64. https://www.rmu.org.uy/revista/1993v1/art7.pdf
Salvatella Roberto. (2016). Chagas en Uruguay, 1937-2016: Información básica para su prevención, control y atención. SciELO Analytics.
Schmid, B. V, Büntgen, U., Easterday, W. R., Ginzler, C., Walløe, L., Bramanti, B., & Stenseth, N. C. (2015). Climate-driven introduction of the Black Death and successive plague reintroductions into Europe. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(10), 3020–3025. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1412887112
Schofield, C. J., Grijalva, M., & Diotaiuti, L. (2009). Distribución de los vectores de la Enfermedad de Chagas en países “no endémicos”: la posibilidad de transmisión vectorial fuera de América Latina. Enfermedades Emergentes, 11, 20–27.
Semenza, J. C., & Suk, J. E. (2018). Vector-borne diseases and climate change: a European perspective. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 365(2). https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnx244
Starr, M. D., Rojas, J. C., Zeledón, R., Hird, D. W., & Carpenter, T. E. (1991). Chagas’ disease: risk factors for house infestation by Triatoma dimidiata, the major vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in Costa Rica. American Journal of Epidemiology, 133(7), 740–747. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115949
Stenseth, N. C., Samia, N. I., Viljugrein, H., Kausrud, K. L., Begon, M., Davis, S., Leirs, H., Dubyanskiy, V. M., Esper, J., Ageyev, V. S., Klassovskiy, N. L., Pole, S. B., & Chan, K.-S. (2006). Plague dynamics are driven by climate variation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103(35), 13110–13115. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0602447103
Trouiller, P., Olliaro, P., Torreele, E., Orbinski, J., Laing, R., & Ford, N. (2002). Drug development for neglected diseases: a deficient market and a public-health policy failure. Lancet (London, England), 359(9324), 2188–2194. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09096-7
Velasco, O., & Rivas, B. (2008). Apuntes para la historia de la enfermedad de Chagas en México. Boletín Médico Del Hospital Infantil de México, 65, 57–79.
Downloads
Published
2023-03-02
How to Cite
Ortega Caballero, M., Ruiz-Santiago, A., Carabarín-Lima, A., & Méndez-Albores, A. (2023). IMPACT OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF CHAGAS DISEASE VECTORS. RD-ICUAP, 9(25), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.32399/icuap.rdic.2448-5829.2023.25.1049
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Definir aviso de derechos.
Los datos de este artículo, así como los detalles técnicos para la realización del experimento, se pueden compartir a solicitud directa con el autor de correspondencia.
Los datos personales facilitados por los autores a RD-ICUAP se usarán exclusivamente para los fines declarados por la misma, no estando disponibles para ningún otro propósito ni proporcionados a terceros.
