The skeletal system of humans is composed of 206 bones, which in turn are composed of cells such as osteoblasts and osteoclasts, responsible for the remodeling of bones and their self-regenerative capacity. However, in cases of serious injury or illness, the self-regenerative capacity of the bone is not enough to repair the damage, so clinical methods such as bone grafts or tissue engineering are used. Tissue engineering consists of the combination of a 3D structure or scaffold, living cells and growth factors, which together form a complex that assists the repair of tissue. The biomaterials used for the production of scaffolding have as their main characteristic their biocompatibility, and are classified into natural and synthetic, according to their origin. Among the natural biomaterials, some of the most studied are those of marine origin, from organisms such as sponges, corals, urchins, bivalve mollusks and fish. Recently, a group of researchers from Nanyang Technological University of Singapore, developed a hybrid biomaterial from aquaculture waste, its production being one of the first sustainable processes in tissue engineering for bone regeneration.
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